Ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ yebesusuw sɛ obiara a onyaa ne ti didii mu wɔ abɔde a nkwa wom ho adesua mu wɔ ntoaso sukuu mu no tee Miller-Urey sɔhwɛ no ho asɛm, na ɛno sii adwene a ɛne sɛ anka nkwa mu nnuru betumi afi ase wɔ Asase so mfitiase wim tebea no so dua. Ɛyɛ “aprannaa a ɛwɔ toa mu” ankasa, ahwehwɛ a wɔatoto mu a ɛde mframa te sɛ methane, ammonia, hydrogen, ne nsu frafra electrode abien ma ɛma ogyaframa bi a ɛyɛ te sɛ anyinam a ɛhyerɛn wɔ wim ansa na nkwa nna reba. [Miller] ne [Urey] ada no adi sɛ wobetumi ayɛ amino acids (nneɛma a ɛma protein ahorow si) wɔ tebea horow a na ɛwɔ hɔ ansa na wɔrenya nkwa mu.
Fast forward 70 years na Miller-Urey da so ara fa ho, ebia ɛyɛ kɛse mpo bere a yɛtrɛw yɛn tentacles mu kɔ ahunmu na yehu tebea horow a ɛte sɛ Asase mfiase no. Saa Miller-Urey nkyerɛaseɛ a wɔayɛ mu nsakraeɛ yi yɛ mmɔden a ɔman mma nyansahu bɔ sɛ wɔbɛma sɔhwɛ a wɔagye din no ayɛ foforɔ na ama wɔatumi ne saa nsɛm yi abɔ, na nso, ebia, anigyeɛ kɛkɛ wɔ nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ biribiara nni w’ankasa kar dan mu a ɛbɛtumi ama nkwa mu nnuru ayɛ adwuma.
[Markus Bindhammer] nhyehyɛe no te sɛ [Miller] ne [Urey] nhyehyɛe no wɔ akwan pii so, nanso nsonsonoe titiriw ne plasma a wɔde bedi dwuma sɛ ahoɔden fibea sen sɛ wɔde anyinam ahoɔden a ɛnyɛ den bedi dwuma. [Marcus] ankyerɛkyerɛ nea enti a ɔde plasma dii dwuma no mu nkɔ akyiri, gye sɛ plasma no hyew korɔn araa ma ɛma nitrogen a ɛwɔ afiri no mu no yɛ oxide, na ɛnam so ma wonya tebea a ɛho hia a oxygen nni mu. Wɔde microcontroller ne MOSFET ahorow na ɛhwɛ plasma a ɛretu no so na amma electrode ahorow no anwosow. Afei nso, nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma wɔ ha no nyɛ methane ne ammonia, na mmom formic acid aduru, efisɛ wohuu formic acid spectral signature wɔ ahunmu na esiane sɛ ɛwɔ nnuru a ɛyɛ anigye a ebetumi ama wɔayɛ amino acid nti.
Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɛwom sɛ nnwinnade ne akwan a wɔfa so sɔ nneɛma hwɛ no yɛ mmerɛw koraa de, nanso sɛ wobehu nea efi mu ba no dodow a, ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nnwinnade titiriw bi di dwuma. [Markus] de ne nhwɛsode ahorow bɛmena ma wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu, enti yennim nea sɔhwɛ ahorow no bɛda no adi de besi nnɛ. Nanso yɛn ani gye tebea a ɛwɔ ha no ho, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛfata sɛ wosan yɛ sɔhwɛ akɛse mpo efisɛ wunnim nea wubehu da.
Ná ɛte sɛ nea Miller sɔhwɛ no bɛma wɔahu nneɛma foforo a ɛho hia yiye. Bɛboro mfe 40 akyi, bere a na n’adwuma no reba awiei no, ɔkyerɛe sɛ eyi ansi sɛnea na ɔhwɛ kwan anaa ɔhwɛ kwan no. Yɛasua nneɛma pii wɔ kwan so, nanso ɛde besi ha no, yɛne abɔde mu adeyɛ ankasa ntam kwan ware. Nnipa binom bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ ɛnte saa. Hwɛ wɔn nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma no.
Mekyerɛɛ Miller-Urey ade wɔ kɔlege abɔde a nkwa wom ho adesua mu mfe 14. Ná wɔadi wɔn bere no anim kakra. Yɛahu nneɛma nketenkete a ebetumi ayɛ nkwa adansi nneɛma nkyɛe. Wɔada no adi sɛ protein tumi yɛ DNA ne adansi nneɛma afoforo. Wɔ mfeɛ aduasa mu no, yɛbɛhunu abakɔsɛm dodoɔ no ara a ɛfa abɔdeɛ a nkwa wom mfitiaseɛ ho, kɔsi sɛ da foforɔ bɛba – ade foforɔ a wɔahu.
Sɛ wode yɛn wɛbsaet ne yɛn nnwuma di dwuma a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ woapene so sɛ wɔde yɛn adwumayɛ, yɛn dwumadi ne dawurubɔ cookies no besi hɔ.sua pii